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Minutae litterarum veterum; Minute di lettere per Levante (vecchie) (Rough drafts of precedent state letters addressed to the Eastern countries)

The series contains the drafts of letters and instructions of the authorities of the Republic to Dubrovnik emissaries, tribute ambassadors, consuls, administrators of Dubrovnik consulates, chargé d'affaires, or merchants in the cities of the Ottoman Empire. The preserved registers date from the middle of the 17th century to the 60s of the 18th century.


The series contains a small number of letters addressed to some Jewish people from Sarajevo, such as Abram Meramet, Abram Levi, and others (e.g., vol. 1, no. 25).

Miscellanea, Massa Negrini (Various documents from the legacy of Rajmund Negrini)

  • HR-DADU-61
  • Fonds
  • 14th century -19th century

The fonds is divided by centuries and covers the period from the 14th to the 19th century. It contains fragments of various books of the Chancellery and the Public Notary, wills and testaments, private letters, letters sent to the authorities of the Dubrovnik Republic from Italian and Ottoman cities, as well as some letters sent from other various parts of the territory of the Republic. Some of these documents were health certificates, petitions to the Minor Council, Criminal Court records, bills of exchange, various receipts of payments and bills.


The State Archives in Dubrovnik have preserved only a few wills and testaments related to Jews so that these documents are of great value and importance for any research related to the life of Jewish population in Dubrovnik during the Dubrovnik Republic. One of those rare documents can be found in this fonds (17th century, vol. 16, no. 8). Jewish people are also referenced in some documents related to court investigations. The fonds also shows records of several letters from the 16th century, that some Jews from Ancona wrote to a Ragusan nobleman, from the Giorgi family (e.g., 16th century, vol. 3, no. 171).

Rajmund Negrini

Misericordia (The foundling home of the Dubrovnik Republic)

  • HR-DADU-51
  • Fonds
  • 16th century – 19th century

The fonds contains accounting records of the expenses of the orphanage such as the payment of fees to breastfeeding mothers and other employees as well as the expenditures for the purchase of clothing for orphans, the baptismal records of orphans, books of agreements on breastfeeding and foster care, books containing lists of names of children living in the institution, books with records of the arrival of pregnant women at the institution (without mentioning the names of these women). These books date from the late 16th to the early 19th centuries.


The fonds contains very little data on Jews that can be used for the analysis of their work in the public and state services of the Republic. Namely, there are references to Jewish bookbinders who in the 18th century made books for the needs of this institution. The bookbinders were members of some Ragusan Jewish families such as Coen, Fermi, and Vitali (e.g., vol. 14, f. 1).

Foundling home of the Dubrovnik Republic

Mobilia (Testimonies in civil disputes concerning movable property)

  • HR-DADU-26
  • Fonds
  • 1471, 1475-1476, 1478-1479, 1482-1483, 1486, 1488-1490, 1492, 1495-1497, 1502, 1504-1507, 1509-1519, 1523, 1529, 1549, 1573-1575, 1577-1578, 1580-1581, 1585, 1587-1589, 1591, 1594, 1599, 1601-1815

Lawsuits in the civil court and the first testimonies of plaintiffs, defendants and witnesses were registered in the books of the fonds Intentiones Cancellariae (HR-DADU-22). If it was deemed necessary, the Civil Court would continue with the court proceedings by hearing prosecutors, defendants, and witnesses. If these were movable property proceedings, the hearings would be then recorded in the volumes of this fonds, which covers the period from the 70s of the 15th centuries to the beginning of the 19th century. The books in the fonds are divided in two parts: Mobilia ordinaria and Mobilia extraordinaria. If the proceedings were terminated by reaching a verdict, the information about the verdict was recorded on the margins. Using this system, it is easy to find a specific court judgement in the fonds of judgments of the Civil Court (Sententiae Cancellariae; HR-DADU-18).


The fonds is important for the research of the business life of Dubrovnik Jews and the types of their business cooperation with their Christian fellow citizens. The fonds contains data on some famous people in Jewish history, such as Isac Ergas (the business representative of Gracia Mendes in Dubrovnik), Isaac's brother Samuel, and Jacob Coen de Herrera (the brother of Abraham Coen de Herrera). The data of the fonds mainly relate to Jews who were living in Dubrovnik, and belonged to families such as Abeatar, Abenun, Abuaff, Almoslino, Altarac, Ambonetti, Arari, Azubi, Bensahen, Campos, Cittanova, Coen, Costantini, Danon, Esperiel, Fermo, Franco, Gaon, Israel, Lanciano, Levi, Levi Mandolfo, Luzzena, Maestro, Miranda, Oef (Ohev), Pappo, Pardo, Penso, Piade, Ribero, Russo, Salama, Saralvo, Sarfatin, Terni, Tobi, Tolentino, Valenzin, Vitali. To a certain extent, this fonds can also be seen as relevant for the historical reconstruction of Jewish business and trading network in the Balkans and the Mediterranean, since the names of Jewish merchants from Italian and Ottoman cities, such as the Penso family from Venice and Adagno and Baruch from Belgrade, occasionally are referenced to in the Civil Court proceedings and documents (i.e., vol. 54, f. 5v).

Chancellery and the Judicial Office of the Dubrovnik Republic

Montes; Monti (Books of business transactions with monetary institutions)

  • HR-DADU-41
  • Fonds
  • 1575-1577, 1583-1588, 1601, 1621, 1700-1724, 1789-1790

There are no references to Jewish people in this fonds.
The books of this fonds contain data on money investments in foreign banks and on interest income gained from these investments. The data mainly refer to banks (monti) in Italian cities such as Rome, Naples, Venice, Genoa, Palermo, Messina, and, since the 18th century, also to the banks in Vienna.

Treasurers of the Cathedral

Naula et securitas Cancellariae; Noli e sicurtà de Cancellaria (Maritime transportation insurance registered at the Chancellery)

The series contains records of maritime transportation insurance of merchandise that mainly arrived from the area of the Ottoman Empire and was transported to Italian ports, mostly Ancona and Venice. The records contain the following data: name of the sales representative, name of the merchant, i.e., the owner of the merchandise, sometimes even the name of the city where the merchant lived, details of the merchandise (type and quantity), place of loading, name of ship, name of captain, place of unloading, name of insurer and price insurance. The records of the series date from the period from the 60s to the 30s of the 17th centuries.


Between 1564 and 1646 an approximate number of 4,000 maritime insurance contracts were registered which show references to Jewish population. Most of these records are part of the series Naula et securitas Notariae (HR-DADU-54.2). A very small part of these records, approximately a dozen of them, were recorded in this series which consists of only 6 volumes. Jews appear in this series in the role of both: merchants and trade representatives. Jewish names belong to certain members of Ragusan Jewish families such as Benaso, Bono, Ergas, Feri, Levi, Saba, Sabadul, Trigo, who were residents of different towns Dubrovnik, Leš, Sarajevo, Skopje. Related to the type of merchandise that was shipped to Ancona via Dubrovnik, it mostly consisted of wool, wax, and various types of leather.

Naula et securitas Notariae; Noli e sicurtà de Notaria (Maritime transportation insurances registered at the Public Notary)

The series contains records of maritime insurance for merchandise that mainly arrived from the area of the Ottoman Empire and was primarily transported to Italian ports (mostly Ancona and Venice). The records contain the following data: the name of the sales representative, the name of the merchant, i.e., the owner of the merchandise, sometimes the name of the city where the merchant lived, details of the merchandise (type and quantity), place of loading, name of ship, name of captain, place of unloading, name of insurer and price insurance. The records of the series are from the middle of the 16th century to the middle of the 18th century.


Between 1564 and 1646, the record shows that approximately 4,000 maritime insurance contracts were registered with references to Jewish population. The series is, therefore, very important for the research of business affairs of Jews and for reconstructing their business network in the Balkans and the Mediterranean. Jews appear in this series both as merchants and as trade representatives. It is also apparent that Jewish merchants who sent their goods through Dubrovnik, would choose, almost always, Jewish trade representatives. Most of these sales representatives, who were in charge of securing the goods and of shipping these from Dubrovnik, were members of Jewish families such as Abeatar, Abendana, Abenun, Azubi, Benmelech, Cabiglio, Coen, Cusi, Danon, Ergas, Maestro and Oef. Among them, Samuel Ergas, the consul of the Ragusan Jews, Aron Coen, a famous Dubrovnik rabbi, and David Coen de Herrera, the father of Abraham Coen de Herrera (vol. 49, ff. 92, 92v) stand out as famous sephardim of that period. Jewish merchants came from Ottoman cities such as Sofia, Vlora, Sarajevo, Belgrade, Skopje, Bitola. The goods that were sent via Dubrovnik to Italian ports (Ancona and Venice), were usually wool, wax, various types of leather, raw silk and spices. The significance of this series for the history of the Sephardim, can be better understood taking into consideration a doctoral thesis written by Benedetto Ligorio Le reti economiche e sociali degli ebrei nella Repubblica di Ragusa e la diaspora commerciale sefardita, 1546-1667 (Roma, Sapienza, 2017).

Official documents of kadis

Given the fact that the Dubrovnik Republic bordered the Ottoman Empire along its entire border line, it is not surprising that there were many situations, such as robberies, murders, armed and physical conflicts, debts, usurpation of fields and pastures, in which both judicial authorities had to intervene, those of the Republic and those of the Ottoman Empire. For this reason, the State Archives in Dubrovnik is in possession of a large collection of reports, petitions, and investigations of kadis. Most official documents were written by the kadis from Ljubinje and Herceg Novi. The remaining documents were written by other Bosnian Herzegovinian kadis, as well as by the kadis from today’s areas of Montenegro, Serbia, Kosovo, Croatia, Egypt, Turkey, Hungary, Albania, Greece, and Bulgaria. The documents of this subseries cover a long-time span: from the last decades of the 15th century to the beginning of the 19th century. These documents are a first-class archival source for exploring all aspects of everyday life as well as other facts pertaining to the life or coexistence of people in the bordering countries.


Jewish people are mentioned in this subseries in only a small number of documents related to court investigations, for example in a document issued in 1580 by the kadi of Plovdiv on the trade conflict between two people named Vicko and Solomon, and in another document from 1571, issued by the kadi of Herceg Novi, on the murder of Menachem Maraz, who was killed in Dubrovnik by Benvenisti Nasci (vol. 4, no. 474; vol. 11, no. 796).

Officiales rationum; Officiali delle cinque ragioni (Main state accountants)

  • HR-DADU-35
  • Fonds
  • 15th century - 19th century

The series contains various accounting books and lists of state revenues from the 15th to the 19th century. In six volumes, the costs of missions to the sultan and Ottoman dignitaries from Bosnia to Istanbul were recorded, as well as the costs of missions to the Venetian general provider of Dalmatia (18th century). After a thorough consideration, accounting officers either accepted or rejected the costs, and recorded accordingly those expenditures in notebooks bearing the names Partite accetate and Partite ributtate. Rejected expenditures were sent to the Senate for further consideration.


There are only few references to Jews in this series. Those references can be only found in volumes no. 11 and 12, entitled Riscossioni dell'Officio (recoveries of state revenues, 1711-1740). In these references Jews are referred to mostly as tenants of residential and commercial premises belonging to the foundation Opera pia. A very prominent Dubrovnik merchant Raphael Coen, as well as his sons Abram and Aron (e.g. vol. 11, f. 28) are those Jewish people mostly referred to in these volumes.

Office of the main state accountant

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