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Ruoli (Popisi brodskih posada i vlasnika brodova/ Lists of crews and shipowners)

When leaving Dubrovnik, sea captains were obliged to hand over to the Office of Maritime Affairs the list of crew members. It was also mandatory to list the names of co-owners of the ships. The ownership of the ship was divided into 24 shares (karats). The value of one share was between 100 to 1600 ducats of the Ragusan ducats depending on the age, size, and equipment of the ship. The co-owners of the ship, that had to be identified by the captain of the ship in the Office for Maritime Affairs, were obliged to testify under oath and declare the exact number of shares in their ownership. All this information was recorded in specialized books called Ruoli. Preserved Ruoli books contain data for the period from the mid-18th century to the early 19th century, and only some years of that period are missing.


This series is very important for the research of the maritime affairs of Dubrovnik Jews in the 18th century because the existing data give evidence that almost all Jews were co-owners of Ragusan ships. Therefore, references to many Ragusan Jewish families, such as Ambonetti, Barafael, Campos, Costantini, Conort, Janni, Levi, Levi Mandolfo, Luzzena, Maestro, Pardo, Russi, Terni, Tolentino, Valenzin, Venturra, Vitali can be found in the archival material. The data also show that it was extremely rare that the co-owners of the ships were Jews who did not reside in the Dubrovnik Republic. One of those rare cases refer to a Jew by the name of Danon, from Sarajevo (vol. 1, f. 4). Most Jews owned between one half of the share to 3 shares in one or more ships. Less common are those cases in which Jews owned the half of one ship or more (12 shares) (e.g., vol. 1, f. 81). The data also show that Ragusan Jews very rarely owned the entire ship, which was recorded in the fonds Diversa de Foris (HR-DADU-30).

Provedimenta navigationis; Provedimenti della navigazione (Terms of navigation)

There are no references to Jewish people in this series.
After a new increase of the maritime affairs in the Dubrovnik Republic in the 40s of the 18th centuries, basic provisions for navigation were published in a so-called Book of Rules on National Navigation (Regolamenti della Republica di Ragusa per la navigazione nazionale; 1745). Over time, these provisions changed and were supplemented. This series, which consists of one volume, contains the Senate's provisions on navigation adopted for the period between 1745 and 1806 and specify working conditions of sea captains and crew members, working conditions of Dubrovnik consuls in the Ottoman ports, conditions for obtaining a citizenship of the Dubrovnik Republic, conditions for the navigation outside of the Adriatic, payments of port, customs and other maritime taxes, and conditions for the construction of new ships. The provisions of the Maritime Office for the period 1747 - 1804 were written a tergo.

Diversae terminationes et notae Officii navigationis; Diverse terminazioni e note dell'Offizio della navigazione (Various provisions and notes of the Office for Maritime Affairs)

The series consists of two volumes of various decisions of the Maritime Office made between 1746 and 1811. These decisions are primarily permits for navigating beyond the Adriatic, permits for navigating in times of war, as well as different decisions, and/or regulations for the construction of new ships, decisions on legalizing the purchase of ships in foreign countries, decisions on payment of various maritime taxes, decisions on regulation of financial obligations between sea captains and ship co-owners, decisions on debt collection, or decisions on maritime insurance policies, etc.


There are only some references to Jews in the series, and the data can be used to analyse their involvement in maritime affairs. The Jews referenced in these documents appear in the role of co-owners of ships, owners of marine insurance policies, maritime lenders, and debtors. Certain members of Ragusan Jewish families such as Ambonetti, Cittanova, Curiel, Levi Mandolfo, Luzzena, Pardo are mostly referenced in the series (e.g., vol. 1, f. 41).

Iudicatus et sententiae Officii navigationis; Giudicati e sentenze dell'Offizio della Navigazione (Presude Magistrata za pomorstvo/Judgements of the Office of Maritime Affairs)

Judgments of the Maritime Court have been preserved for the period from the 40s to the 60s of the 18th centuries. They were reached by senators who managed the Maritime Office (Signori Senatori Officiali alla Sopraintendenza della Navigazione). Their authorities were limited to civil lawsuits, which were mainly related to conflicts between co-owners of the ships, conflicts between crew members and the captain or the owners of the ships, conflicts between the captain and co-owners of the ships, or conflicts concerning the construction of new ships.


In this series, which consists of only one volume, there is only a small number of references to Jews. The data provided in the series are deemed suitable for the research of the involvement of Ragusan Jews in the maritime affairs of the Republic in the 18th century. The references to the Jewish population are primarily to members of Ragusan Jewish families such as Levi Mandolfo and Tolentino. In disputes cited these Jews are referenced as co-owners of ships (e.g., vol. 1, f. 58v-62v).

Sequestra Officii navigationis; Sequestri dell'Offizio della navigazione (Sequestrations of the Office for Maritime Affairs)

The series consists of only two volumes and covers the period from the mid-18th century to the early 19th century containing the data on sequestrations of money and shares that were carried out based on judgments that had been reached by the Maritime Court. Judgments for the period from 1753 to 1757 are written a tergo in the first volume of this series. Sequestrations were usually written in a following format: D'ordine e mandato ut supra e ad istanza di Salamon Terni, Antonio Flori riviere riferi d'aver sequestrato li due caratti di ragione di Giovanni d'Antonio Cresci esistenti nel bastimento al presente diretto da capitano Giovanni Lubislavich (vol. 2, f. 106).


The series is very important for the research of the history of maritime affairs of the Jewish population in the Republic. The data shows that many Ragusan Jews were not only owners of ship shares, that is co-owners of ships, but they would also often grant so-called "maritime loans". Most often these references indicate various members of some Ragusan Jewish families such as Ambonetti, Levi Mandolfo, Luzzena, Pardo, Russo, Terni, Tolentino, Valenzin.

Commandamenta et sententiae navigationis; Commandamenti e sentenze della navigazione (Lawsuits and judgments in maritime affairs)

The series contains civil lawsuits, investigations and judgments related to maritime affairs, and covers the period from the 60s of the 18th centuries to the early 19th century. The topics of these of lawsuits are diverse: various types of debts (most often irregular repayments or terminations of maritime loan repayment), disagreements over the payment of crew salaries, damage to merchandise, loss of shipping books, suspicions of misrepresentation of ship maintenance costs, avoidance of maritime insurance payment after shipwreck, etc.


The series contains a considerable amount of information about Jews, which is deemed relevant for researching the involvement of Ragusan Jews in maritime affairs during the 18th century. Most references indicate Jews who were members of some Ragusan Jewish families such as Ambonetti, Cittanova, Levi Mandolfo, Luzzena, Pardo, Terni, Tolentino, Venturra. These Jews are in most cases referenced as providers of so-called maritime loans who filed a lawsuit against those who had borrowed the money from them (e.g., vol. 3, f. 259c). The loans referenced in the series were usually taken by sea captains who wanted to purchase various equipment for their ships. In such a case, and as a guarantee for the regular payment of the loan, the sea captains would sign a bill of exchange by pledging the ship, equipment or shares in that ship (if they owned any of them). Agreements on maritime loans are registered in the fonds Diversa Notariae Fund (HR-DADU-9) and in the series Diversa de Foris (HR-DADU-30.1) and Diversa navigationis (HR-DADU-56.9). In this series, Ragusan Jews sometimes appear as legal representatives of defendants and sometimes as members of insurance companies. The series also records the text of an oath that was taken by the Jews during their testimonies. This specific oath was taken at the request of the French authorities in 1810 by Sabato Vita Levi Mandolfo (vol. 11, ff. 294v-295v).

Diversa navigationis (Various documents regarding navigation)

The series contains transcripts of various documents issued in the consulates of the Dubrovnik Republic in the ports of the Mediterranean, as well as in the city of Dubrovnik itself. The files were registered in the books of this series at the request of the captain and some other persons, whose function was not defined, so that it can only be assumed that these were co-owners of ships, providers of maritime loans, and/or merchants. The content of the files is very diverse: from instructions of the co-owners of the ship to the captain, lists of merchandise, invoices, consignment notes, and lists of co-owners of the ships, to various powers of attorney, private letters and testimonies of shipwrecks.


The series contains a very small number of references to Jewish people, and the data can be used for the analysis of their involvement in the maritime affairs of the Republic. The referenced Jews are members of some Ragusan Jewish families, such as Ambonetti, Levi Mandolfo, Pardo, Tolentino, Venturra. The Jews referenced appear in these documents as co-owners of ships, merchants, providers of maritime loans, proxies of maritime captains (e.g. vol. 1, f. 255).

Intentiones navigationis; Intenzioni della Navigazione (Evidentiary proceedings in maritime disputes)

The series contains only two volumes covering the period from 1767 to 1811. The documents in the series relate to evidentiary proceedings based on lawsuits in maritime disputes. Prosecutors presented their allegations through one or more charges, and for each charge they would list a witness or witnesses, who would then be heard. These proceedings were conducted by hearing witnesses (intenzione). The introductory formula of the evidentiary procedure was: Reuben Vita Ambonetti nei nomi come al Libro dei Comandamenti della Navigazione del 1801 f. 28 d'innanzi li Signori Senatori Officiali intende provare gl'infrascritti Capitoli ad ogni buon fine ed effetto ... (vol. 2, f. 163).


In this series there is a smaller number of references to Jews, which could be relevant for the research of their involvement in maritime affairs during the Dubrovnik Republic. The names referenced in the series indicate mostly members of some Ragusan Jewish families such as Ambonetti, Costantini, Levi Mandolfo, Luzzena, Pardo, Volterra. The Jews referenced appear in these documents in multiple roles: as prosecutors, defendants and as witnesses.

Libro delle procure di Meleda (Book of legal authorisations registered at the Chancellery of the Autonomous Commune of the island of Mljet)

There are no references to Jewish people in the series.
The series contains only one volume with legal authorisations registered at the Chancellery of the Autonomous Commune of the island of Mljet from the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the 19th century.

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