Criminal cases were initially tried by Curia Maior and Curia Minor, and from 1459 by the Criminal Court. Registers for criminal offenses of the fonds Lamenta de intus began to be kept systematically around 1440. Although the purpose of these registers was to record crimes committed inside the city walls, the registers also contain documents on crimes committed in the suburbs of the city. Records are generally very short, dating from the early 15th century to the 1770s. Each case consists of a lawsuit initiated by a private person or the state authorities (ex officio), the names of witnesses and, if necessary, their written testimonies. The records in this series mainly relate to cases of physical violence, verbal violence, and property crimes. It is characteristic of the Dubrovnik Criminal Court that it rarely rendered judgements, most likely because most disputes ended in conciliation of the warring parties. Some of the judgements and/or legal decisions were recorded at the end of the case, and some were entered in special books of the Criminalia Fonds (HR-DADU-23). Not all judgments have been preserved for the period before 1667.

The series abounds with information about Jews who came to Dubrovnik from the Apennine Peninsula and from the area of the Ottoman Empire. Overall, the series is a first-rate source for exploring all aspects of the daily life of the Jewish community in Dubrovnik in the 16th century. The archival material also provides an excellent opportunity to analyse the relations of Dubrovnik Jews with their fellow citizens and the city authorities. Another characteristic of this series is that it also provides a large amount of information about converts who came to Dubrovnik from Italian cities and reconverted to their original religion in Dubrovnik. For example, Moshe Sarfatin (Michele Mondego Vas) and his son Jacob (Diego Mondego Vas), Moshe Currier (Duarte Cardoso), Joseph Mocenigo, Leon Mazaod (Pietro de Silva) and his son Joseph (Orlando de Silva) are referenced in this series. In addition, the series provides information about Jewish people who converted to Catholic faith in Dubrovnik, and the most famous among them is Isac Abravanel (Stjepan Abravanel). The name of Didacus Pyrrhus, who repeatedly appears as a witness to various conflicts among the Jews, is worth noting as another significant figure in the Sephardic history (e.g., vol. 107, f. 152). This series records information about the only murder committed by a Jew during the time of the Dubrovnik Republic. The data show that the case is about a convert named Benvenisti Nasci (Isac son of Abraham) from Ferrara, who in 1570 killed another convert Menachem Maraz (vol. 109, ff. 250v-251v). The series also includes fragments of an investigation against a physician from Dubrovnik Moshe Maralio, accused in 1502 of the ritual murder of an old Ragusan woman (vol. 45, ff. 27v-28v). There are many references to Jewish families whose members lived both in Dubrovnik and in various Italian and Ottoman cities (e.g., Abeatar, Abuaf, Amadio, Bensassen, Cabiglio, Camargo, Cidi, Cohen, Cussi, Danon, Esperiel, Formon, Gaon, Lanciano, Levi, Lindo, Maestro, Mazaod, Miranda, Moschato, Oef, Pappo, Pardo, Salama, Sarfatin, Toby).