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Arboratica et scarmi; Arboracci e scarmi (Maritime fees arboratica and scarmi)

There are no references to the Jewish people in this series.
The series covers the period from 1729 to 1797, and the volumes have three titles: Arboracci e scarmi alla Ponta, Arboracci e scarmi alle Pile and Arboracci e scarmi del Porto. Regardless of these titles, it is evident that these volumes do not contain any data on the payment of the fee arboratica, but rather the payments of scarmi fee (Italian: scarmo: thumb, a wedge on a boat to which a paddle is attached). This fee had to be paid by smaller domestic and foreign ships that docked in the city port and in the suburbs of Pile.

Lamenta Trstenicae (Lawsuits registered at the Chancellery of the captaincy in Trstenica)

There are no references to Jews in the series.
The series consists of various lawsuits registered at the Chancellery of the captaincy in Trstenica in the 30s of the 17th centuries and at the end of the 18th century.

Chancellery of the captaincy in Trstenica

Diplomata navigationis (Maritime documents and certificates)

There are no references to Jewish people in the series.
The series consists of documents that were handed over to the State archives in 1941 from a legacy of a private person. These are mainly health certificates issued to Ragusan sea captains in Dubrovnik and in Dalmatian, Italian, Ottoman, French, Spanish and Portuguese cities. Other documents in this series are navigation permits (patenti), navigation permits for sailing outside the Adriatic (congedi), lists of ship's crews and shipowners (ruoli), health certificates (fedi di sanità), consignment notes, contracts on ship insurance, ship charter agreements, permits to build a new ship, etc.

Venditae caratiorum; Vendite di caratti (Sales of ship shares)

The series consists of only one volume in which between 1799 and 1800 the purchase and sale of shares were recorded. Records of share trading contain the following information: date of sale, name of the seller, number and price of shares sold, name of the buyer, name of the captain of the ship the shares of which were sold. Share sales were most often recorded in a following format: Adi 2 Luglio 1799; Capitano Cristoforo Milich ha venduto caratti mezzo a Jacob Israel Russi per ducati settanta cinque nel bastimento diretto da quondam capitano Niccolo Marassi (vol. 1, f. 5).


The volume is very important for researching the history of maritime business of Ragusan Jews in the 18th century since almost all the Jews were co-owners of ships of the Republic at that time. Most of them owned 1/2 to 3 shares of one or more ships. The cases where Jews owned half of one ship (12 carats), or more, were very rare. Ragusan Jews sometimes had the ownership of the entire ship, and this data is recorded in the fonds Diversa de Foris (HR-DADU-30). There are many records in this volume in which Jews appear both as sellers and as share buyers. Most records refer to members of a Ragusan family Ambonetti, and other records refer to members of other Ragusan families such as Costantini, Levi Mandolfo, Luzzena, Maestro, Pardo, Russi, Tolentino, Valenzin, Venturra. The records show that even Ragusan women also traded in shares at that time, and some of these women were Jewish, such as Lydia, the wife of Israel Maestro, and Judith, the widow of Nathan Ambonetti (e.g., vol. 1, f. 30).

Strapazzo delle polizze (Drafts of monetary transfers)

There are no references to Jewish people in the series.
All the series of the fonds Apolitiae have not been fully researched and it is very difficult to establish the connection between them. The only possible connection found so far is to the documents of the Apolitiae series (HR-DADU-45.1). For each entry in the Apolitiae series a certain number is recorded indicating the existence of a more detailed description of the type of compensation made to state employees of the Dubrovnik Republic at the end of the 17th century, and in certain periods of the 18th century.

Apolitiae onerum; Polizze di caricho (Bills of lading)

There is no reference to any Jew in the series.
The series consists of only one volume in which bills of lading are bound. The receipts are in a printed form with the following information: date of loading the goods on the ship, names of traders to whom the goods belonged, type of goods, name of the ship's captain, type and name of the ship, destination of the ship and names of traders who would receive the goods.

Litterae et commissiones Levantis; Lettere di Levante (State letters and instructions to the Eastern countries)

The series contains state letters and instructions to Ragusan ambassadors, tribute ambassadors, consuls, administrators of Dubrovnik consulates, charges d’affairs, and merchants in the cities of the Ottoman Empire in the period from the middle of the 14th to the beginning of the 19th century. The cities that are mostly referred to in the series are: Istanbul, Jedrene, Belgrade, Vlora, Volos, Alexandria, Banja Luka, Sarajevo, Travnik, Mostar and Pljevlja. The series also includes letters from the authorities of the Dubrovnik Republic to various Ottoman dignitaries and officials, from Grand Viziers in Istanbul to kadis in the Dubrovnik neighbourhood.


The series is very important for the research of the history of the Jewish people in the Ottoman Empire, as well as for any attempted analysis of their cooperation with the Jews from the Republic. The series contains state letters to the consuls of the Republic in Vlora, who were Jewish (16th and 17th centuries). The following names of the consuls are referenced: Isach Trincha, who is only referenced to in one letter (vol. 20, f. 15v), Jacob Coduto, Daniel Coduto, Zacharia Graziano, Angiolo Coduto (vol. 28-34, 37, 42-45, 47-50). In addition to the names previously mentioned, there are several other Vlora Jews that are mentioned in the documents from the 16th century. The series also contains several letters from the authorities of the Republic to their tribute ambassadors, in which there are references to Gracia Mendes. In 1552, she travelled to Istanbul via Dubrovnik. The data shows that she conducted her business from Istanbul, using the port of Dubrovnik to trade with Western countries till she died. The ambassadors of the Republic would regularly visit her and bring her letters from the authorities. According to the records, she would lend money to the ambassadors and the authorities of the Republic would then reimburse the money to her representatives in Dubrovnik, Isaac Ergas and Abner Alfarin (vol. 26-29). Other Istanbul Jews also lent money to Dubrovnik tax collectors, and the authorities would then reimburse it to their relatives in Dubrovnik. For example, in 1576, Samuel Ergas wrote a letter of recommendation to two Jews from Istanbul, Judi Algasi and Samuel Celef, asking them to lend money to the emissaries of the Republic if that was deemed necessary (vol. 33, f. 67v). Dubrovnik merchants owned real estate in some Ottoman cities and would often rent it, especially in Sofia, to Jewish merchants. Related to this fact, there are several references to conflicts that occurred among those merchants. Even though the series provides evidence to some other conflicts in which Jewish merchants were involved, it also provides evidence of different forms of successful cooperation with Jewish merchants. The authorities of the Dubrovnik Republic evidently cooperated with Jewish merchants who were influential at the sultan's court (e.g., vol. 31, ff. 25v-26v). One of those merchants, Conort, whose name is not referenced in this series, worked in the 80s of the 18th century as a dragoman of Dubrovnik ambassadors at the Sublime Porte (vol. 103, ff. 113v, 121v).

Litterae Officii navigationis; Lettere dell'Offizio della Navigazione (Official letters from the Maritime Office)

The series contains official letters from the mid-18th century to the early 19th century sent by the Maritime Office to consuls and representatives of the Dubrovnik Republic in Italian, Ottoman, African, Spanish, and Portuguese ports. Due to a new increase of maritime affairs in the Republic at that time, the Republic of Dubrovnik had established about 80 consular offices in these ports. The series also contains circular letters and instructions to Ragusan sea captains, to all consuls of the Republic, and specifically to all consuls in the Ottoman Empire and to all consuls in the countries in the Western Mediterranean parts of Europe.


The series contains a small number of letters sent to Jewish people by the officials of the Maritime Office. Among those people, in the second half of the 18th century, there are references to the administrators of the consulates of the Dubrovnik Republic in Algeria, Abram and Raphael Jacob Bussara, (e.g., vol. 8, f. 3). There is also another reference to Abram Aruch, who was responsible for Ragusan ships in Alexandria at the time when there was no Dubrovnik consul in the city (vol. 1, f. 110).

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